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                    五、内存
            
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                    六、进程与线程
            
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                    七、锁
            
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                    九、数据结构
            
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                    十一、目标查找
            
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                    十五、回溯算法
            
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                    十六、单调栈
            
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                                <div id="anchor-navigation-ex-navbar"><i class="fa fa-anchor"></i><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#&#x6307;&#x4EE4;"><b></b>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;"><b></b>1. &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#11-find"><b></b>1.1. find</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#12-whereis"><b></b>1.2. whereis</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#13-locate"><b></b>1.3. locate</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#14-ls"><b></b>1.4. ls</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#15-mkdir"><b></b>1.5. mkdir</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#16-du"><b></b>1.6. du</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#17-rm"><b></b>1.7. rm</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#18-&#x67E5;&#x770B;"><b></b>1.8. &#x67E5;&#x770B;</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#2-&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;"><b></b>2. &#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#21-df"><b></b>2.1. df</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#22-mount"><b></b>2.2. mount</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#3-&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;"><b></b>3. &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#31-grep"><b></b>3.1. grep</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#32-&#x7BA1;&#x9053;-"><b></b>3.2. &#x7BA1;&#x9053; |</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#33-xargs"><b></b>3.3. xargs</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#34-xargs&#x4E0E;find--exec"><b></b>3.4. xargs&#x4E0E;find -exec</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#35-uniq"><b></b>3.5. uniq</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#36-sed"><b></b>3.6. sed</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#37-awk"><b></b>3.7. awk</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#4-&#x901A;&#x7528;"><b></b>4. &#x901A;&#x7528;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#41-"><b></b>4.1. {}</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#42-sort"><b></b>4.2. sort</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#43-man"><b></b>4.3. man</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#44-info"><b></b>4.4. info</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#45-vim"><b></b>4.5. vim</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#5-&#x538B;&#x7F29;"><b></b>5. &#x538B;&#x7F29;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#51-zip&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;"><b></b>5.1. zip&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#52-tar"><b></b>5.2. tar</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#6-&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><b></b>6. &#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#61-umask"><b></b>6.1. umask</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#62-chmod"><b></b>6.2. chmod</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#63-chown"><b></b>6.3. chown</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#64-chgrp"><b></b>6.4. chgrp</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#65-&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><b></b>6.5. &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#7-&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><b></b>7. &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#71-top"><b></b>7.1. top</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#72-ps"><b></b>7.2. ps</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#73-&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><b></b>7.3. &#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#8-&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;"><b></b>8. &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#81-free"><b></b>8.1. free</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#82-uname"><b></b>8.2. uname</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#83-lsbrelease"><b></b>8.3. lsb_release</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#9-&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;"><b></b>9. &#x7F51;&#x7EDC;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#91-netstat"><b></b>9.1. netstat</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#92-ifconfig"><b></b>9.2. ifconfig</a></li><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#93-ping"><b></b>9.3. ping</a></li></ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#10-&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;"><b></b>10. &#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</a></li><ul><li><span class="title-icon "></span><a href="#101-source"><b></b>10.1. source</a></li></ul></ul></div><a href="#&#x6307;&#x4EE4;" id="anchorNavigationExGoTop"><i class="fa fa-arrow-up"></i></a><h1 style="font-size:60px;text-align:center;" id="&#x6307;&#x4EE4;"><a name="&#x6307;&#x4EE4;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#&#x6307;&#x4EE4;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</h1>

<h1 id="1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;"><a name="1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1. &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</h1>
<h2 id="11-find"><a name="11-find" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#11-find"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.1. <code>find</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-size</code>: &#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x67E5;&#x627E;<ul>
<li><code>-size +6k</code>: &#x5927;&#x4E8E;6k</li>
<li><code>-size -10k</code>: &#x5C0F;&#x4E8E;10k</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>-name</code>: &#x6839;&#x636E;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x67E5;&#x627E;</li>
<li><code>-type</code><ul>
<li><code>d</code>: &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;</li>
<li><code>f</code>: &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</li>
<li><code>l</code>: &#x8F6F;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>-empty</code>&#xFF1A;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7A7A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find ./ -iname &quot;ReadMe.md&quot;</span>
          
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<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x5230;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</span></p>
<ul>
<li><code>{}</code>&#xFF1A;&#x4EE3;&#x8868;<code>find</code>&#x6240;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</li>
<li><code>\;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;</li>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find ./ -type f -exec python AutoNum.py {} \;</span>
          
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<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;</span></p>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>/var</code> &#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x627E;&#x51FA; <code>90</code> &#x5929;&#x4E4B;&#x5185;&#x672A;&#x88AB;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FC7;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</strong></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li><strong><code>/home</code> &#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x627E;&#x51FA; <code>120</code> &#x5929;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x88AB;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x8FC7;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</strong></li>
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<h2 id="12-whereis"><a name="12-whereis" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#12-whereis"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.2. <code>whereis</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x4E8C;&#x8FDB;&#x5236;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x300D;&#x3001;&#x300C;&#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x300D;&#x548C;&#x300C;<code>man</code>&#x300D;&#x624B;&#x518C;&#x9875;&#x7B49;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x300D;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullCommand">whereis cp</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullOutput">cp: /bin/cp /usr/share/man/man1/cp.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/cp.1posix.gz</span>
        
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<h2 id="13-locate"><a name="13-locate" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#13-locate"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.3. <code>locate</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#xFF1A;<code>linux</code>&#x81EA;&#x5E26;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;<code>everything</code>&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x300D;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</strong></li>
<li><strong>&#x539F;&#x7406;: &#x5148;&#x5EFA;&#x7ACB;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5185;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x6863;&#x6848;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x53CA;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x5F53;&#x5BFB;&#x627E;&#x65F6;&#x5C31;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x6DF1;&#x5165;&#x6863;&#x6848;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E4B;&#x4E2D;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</strong></li>
<li><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;&#x6700;&#x8FD1;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;&#x3002;<br> &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x7531;<code>updatedb</code>&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6765;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;<code>updatedb</code>&#x662F;&#x7531;<code>cron daemon</code>&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x6027;&#x5EFA;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;<code>locate</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5728;&#x641C;&#x5BFB;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x65F6;&#x6BD4;&#x7531;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x7531;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#x8D44;&#x6599;&#x6765;&#x641C;&#x5BFB;&#x8D44;&#x6599;&#x6765;&#x5F97;&#x5FEB;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x8F83;&#x5DEE;&#x52B2;&#x7684;&#x662F;<code>locate</code>&#x6240;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x6863;&#x6848;&#x82E5;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x8FD1;&#x624D;&#x5EFA;&#x7ACB;&#x6216; &#x521A;&#x66F4;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x627E;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x5B9A;&#x503C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>updatedb</code>&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x4F1A;&#x8DD1;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7531;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;crontab&#x6765;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#x503C;&#x3002;<code>(etc/crontab)</code></strong></li>
<li><code>updatedb</code>&#xFF1A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">/bin/cp
/bin/cpio
/usr/bin/cpan
/usr/bin/cpan5.26-x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/klibc/bin/cpio</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="14-ls"><a name="14-ls" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#14-ls"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.4. <code>ls</code></h2>
<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x540D;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullCommand">ls</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullOutput">chapter  linux.md</span>
        
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<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x540D;&#x4E0E;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">chapter/  linux.md*</span>
        
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<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 triangle triangle 4096 Sep  7 21:34 chapter
-rwxrwxrwx 1 triangle triangle    0 Sep  7 21:32 linux.md</span>
        
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<h2 id="15-mkdir"><a name="15-mkdir" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#15-mkdir"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.5. <code>mkdir</code></h2>
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            <span class="terminullComment"># -p&#xFF1A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x4E2D;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;</span>
          
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<h2 id="16-du"><a name="16-du" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#16-du"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.6. <code>du</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong><code>du</code> (disk usage): &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x548C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x5360;&#x7528;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>h</code></li>
<li><code>a</code> : &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x53EA;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#xFF0C;<code>a</code>&#x4F1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5230;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<ul>
<li><font color="#f44336">&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; = &#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; + &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x5185;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;; &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5757;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;</font></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>s &#xFF08;summarize&#xFF09;</code> : &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5757;&#x7684;&#x603B;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;</li>
<li><code>--max-depth=</code> : &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x7684;&#x5C42;&#x7EA7;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">8.0K    ./chapter
8.0K    .</span>
        
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          <span class="terminullCommand">du -ha</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullOutput">4.0K    ./chapter/command.md
4.0K    ./chapter/foundation.md
8.0K    ./chapter
0       ./linux.md
8.0K</span>
        
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<h2 id="17-rm"><a name="17-rm" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#17-rm"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.7. <code>rm</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
-<code>-i</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x524D;&#x8BE2;&#x95EE;
-<code>-f</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x5220;&#x9664;
-<code>-r</code>&#xFF1A;&#x9012;&#x5F52;</p>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">rm: remove regular file &apos;linux.md&apos;? n</span>
        
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</div><p></p>
<h2 id="18-&#x67E5;&#x770B;"><a name="18-&#x67E5;&#x770B;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#18-&#x67E5;&#x770B;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>1.8. &#x67E5;&#x770B;</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</th>
<th>&#x4F5C;&#x7528;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>cat</code></td>
<td>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5C55;&#x5F00;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>tail</code></td>
<td>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684; <code>10</code> &#x884C;&#x6587;&#x672C;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>more</code></td>
<td>&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5411;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x7FFB;&#x9875;&#xFF0C;<code>Ctrl b</code>&#x80FD;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x4E00;&#x9875;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>less</code></td>
<td>&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x4E0B;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;<code>more</code>&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x52A0;&#x5F3A;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2">&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x884C;&#x53F7;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat -n linux.md</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullOutput">1  fuck you
     2  linux
     3  love linux</span>
        
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<blockquote>
<p>[!note|style:flat]</p>
<ul>
<li><code>less more</code>&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x53F7;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>cat</code>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;</li>
<li><code>more</code>&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2"><code>tail</code>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x884C;</span></p>
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          <span class="terminullCommand">tail -n 3 command.md</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tail -n 3 command.md`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">&gt; **&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;Linux&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x50A8;&#x5B58;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#xFF0C;u&#x76D8;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x5230;`linux`&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;
&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x3002;**
&gt; - `mount &#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x540D;(&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;) &#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;(&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;)`&#xFF1A;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;
&gt; - `umount &#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x540D;/&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;`&#xFF1A;&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</span>
        
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<h1 id="2-&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;"><a name="2-&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#2-&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>2. &#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;</h1>
<h2 id="21-df"><a name="21-df" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#21-df"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>2.1. <code>df</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong><code>df &#xFF08;disk free)</code> : &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#x6574;&#x4F53;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-h</code> &#xFF08;human&#xFF09;: &#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x6362;&#x7B97;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x4EBA;&#x770B;</li>
<li><code>-i</code> &#xFF08;inode&#xFF09;: &#x67E5;&#x770B;i&#x8282;&#x70B9;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs          125G   96G   30G  77% /
none            125G   96G   30G  77% /dev
none            125G   96G   30G  77% /run
none            125G   96G   30G  77% /run/lock
none            125G   96G   30G  77% /run/shm
none            125G   96G   30G  77% /run/user
tmpfs           125G   96G   30G  77% /sys/fs/cgroup
C:\             125G   96G   30G  77% /mnt/c
D:\             109G  6.5G  103G   6% /mnt/d
E:\             121G  106G   15G  88% /mnt/e
F:\             121G   97G   24G  81% /mnt/f
G:\             226G  109G  118G  49% /mnt/g</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="22-mount"><a name="22-mount" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#22-mount"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>2.2. <code>mount</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong>&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;Linux&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x50A8;&#x5B58;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#xFF0C;u&#x76D8;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x5230;<code>linux</code>&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x3002;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>mount &#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x540D;(&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;) &#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;(&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;)</code>&#xFF1A;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;</li>
<li><code>umount &#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x540D;/&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="3-&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;"><a name="3-&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#3-&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3. &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;</h1>
<h2 id="31-grep"><a name="31-grep" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#31-grep"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.1. <code>grep</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong>&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x300C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x300D;&#x91CC;&#x7B26;&#x5408;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x3002;&#x300C;&#x7BA1;&#x9053;&#x300D;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7684;<code>stdin</code>&#x4E5F;&#x7B97;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-i</code>: &#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;</li>
<li><code>-n</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x884C;&#x53F7;</li>
<li><code>-F</code> fixed-regexp: &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x89C6;&#x4F5C;&#x666E;&#x901A;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;</li>
<li><code>-E</code> extended-regexp : &#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x6B63;&#x5219;</li>
<li><code>-c</code> : &#x5339;&#x914D;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;</li>
<li><code>-o</code> only-matching: &#x53EA;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>-v</code> invert-match : &#x53CD;&#x5411;&#x67E5;&#x627E;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x8BE5;&#x884C;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x884C;</strong></p>
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">grep -A 2 &quot;linux&quot; test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`grep -A 2 &quot;linux&quot; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu
linux centos
linux redhat
system reboot
system shutdown</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<p><strong>&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x4E2D;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</strong></p>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">grep -r &quot;linux&quot; *</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`grep -r &quot;linux&quot; *`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./test/linux.txt:love linux
./test/linux.txt:fuck linux
./test.txt:linux ubuntu
./test.txt:linux centos</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="32-&#x7BA1;&#x9053;-"><a name="32-&#x7BA1;&#x9053;-" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#32-&#x7BA1;&#x9053;-"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.2. &#x7BA1;&#x9053; <code>|</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]</p>
<font color="#f44336"> &#x5C06;&#x524D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;`stdout`&#x8F6C;&#x4E3A;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;`stdin`&#xFF0C;&#x88AB;&#x89C6;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x300C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x300D;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7ED9;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x3002;</font>

</blockquote>
<h2 id="33-xargs"><a name="33-xargs" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#33-xargs"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.3. <code>xargs</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<code>|</code> &#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x5C06;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;<code>stdout</code>&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x5165;<code>stdin</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E0D;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x7BA1;&#x9053;&#x7684;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;<strong>&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x9700;&#x8981;<code>xargs</code>&#x5C06;&#x7BA1;&#x9053;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7684;<code>stdin</code>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;<code>stdin</code>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8F6C;&#x4E3A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</strong>&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -type f</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -type f`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -type f | cat</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;find&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684; stdout</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -type f | cat`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -type f | xargs cat</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x5C06;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x62C6;&#x5206;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6210;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7ED9; cat</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -type f | xargs cat`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">love linux
cpp
fuck linux
linux ubuntu
linux centos
linux redhat
system reboot
system shutdown
hello world
hello ubuntu</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="34-xargs&#x4E0E;find--exec"><a name="34-xargs&#x4E0E;find--exec" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#34-xargs&#x4E0E;find--exec"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.4. <code>xargs</code>&#x4E0E;<code>find -exec</code></h2>
<sec data-title="&#x6848;&#x4F8B;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;" data-id="test_program" data-show="true" data-collapse="true"><div class="panel panel-default"><div class="panel-heading"><b>&#x6848;&#x4F8B;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;<a class="pull-right section atTitle btn btn-default" target="test_program"><span class="fa fa-angle-up"></span></a></b></div><div class="panel-collapse in" id="test_program"><div class="panel-body">
<p><strong><code>main</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x89E3;&#x91CA;&#xFF0C;&#x89C1;&#x300C;c/c++ &#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x300D;&#x7AE0;&#x8282;&#x3002;</strong></p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-cpp"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> argn<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> args<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>argn <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;%d,%s\n&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>argn<span class="token punctuation">,</span>args<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;%d\n&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>argn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
</div></div></div></sec>
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          <span class="terminullOutput">&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;2,hellow</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">./a.out arg1 arg2</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`./a.out arg1 arg2`)"></i>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -name &quot;*.txt&quot;</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; .txt &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -name &quot;*.txt&quot;`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./salary.txt
./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -name &quot;*.txt&quot; | xargs ./a.out</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># xargs &#x7279;&#x70B9;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -name &quot;*.txt&quot; | xargs ./a.out`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;5</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find . -name  &quot;*.txt&quot; -exec ./a</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find . -name  &quot;*.txt&quot; -exec ./a`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">.out {} \;
&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;2,./salary.txt
&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;2,./test/linux.txt
&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;2,./test.txt
&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;2,./test2.txt</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<blockquote>
<p>[!note|style:flat]</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>find -exec &#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;</code> &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x4E3A;<code>find</code>&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x300C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x300D;&#xFF1B;&#x300C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x300D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;<code>for</code>&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x3002;</strong></li>
<li><strong><code>| xargs  &#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;</code>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;&#x5C06;&#x7BA1;&#x9053;&#x7B26;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x7684;<code>stdout</code>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x300C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x300D;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x585E;&#x7ED9;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x300D;&#xFF1B;&#x300C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x300D;&#x5BF9;&#x300C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x300D;&#x6279;&#x91CF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x3002;</strong></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="35-uniq"><a name="35-uniq" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#35-uniq"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.5. <code>uniq</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x53CA;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x5217;&#x3002;<font color="#4c9df8">&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x53F0;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x6216;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x65B0;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</font></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-c</code>: &#x8BA1;&#x6570;</li>
<li><code>-u unique</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x7684;&#x884C;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">uniq test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`uniq test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu
hellow world
system shutdown
linux ubuntu
hellow world</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu
linux ubuntu
hellow world
hellow world
system shutdown</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">uniq test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x7D27;&#x6328;&#x7740;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x53BB;&#x91CD;&#x590D;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`uniq test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu
hellow world
system shutdown</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="36-sed"><a name="36-sed" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#36-sed"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.6. <code>sed</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;<strong>&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x4E3A;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x884C;</strong>&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-cpp">sed <span class="token punctuation">[</span>&#x9009;&#x9879;<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token string">&apos;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F; &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&apos;</span> &#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x9009;&#x9879;</strong>&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-e</code>: &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</li>
<li><code>-f</code>: &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6587;&#x672C;</li>
<li><code>-n</code>: &#x4F1A;&#x5C4F;&#x853D;&#x672A;&#x88AB;&#x9009;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>-i</code>: &#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</li>
<li><code>-r</code>: &#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x6B63;&#x5219;</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x884C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x9009;&#x62E9;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>/ /</code>&#xFF1A;&#x6B63;&#x5219;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x9009;&#x4E2D;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x5728;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>&#x6570;&#x5B57;</code>: &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x884C;&#x53F7;</li>
<li><code>A,B</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A; <code>[A,B]</code><ul>
<li><code>/ /,/ /</code>: <strong>&#x9009;&#x4E2D;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x884C;</strong></li>
<li><code>&#x6570;&#x5B57;1,&#x6570;&#x5B57;2</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8868;&#x793A;<code>[&#x6570;&#x5B57;1,&#x6570;&#x5B57;2]</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</strong>: &#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>s/ / /g</code>: &#x66FF;&#x6362;</li>
<li><code>i\&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</code>: &#x524D;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>a\&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</code>: &#x540E;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>c\&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</code>: &#x7528;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x9009;&#x4E2D;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>p</code>: &#x6253;&#x5370;</li>
<li><code>d</code>: &#x5220;&#x9664;</li>
<li><code>;</code>: &#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</li>
<li><code>{}</code>: &#x5F53;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x662F; <code>/ /</code> &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7528; <code>{}</code> &#x6846;&#x4F4F;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu linux
hellow world
system shutdown
hellow linux
fuck you</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed -n -e &apos;/linux/p&apos; test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x542B;&#x6709; linux &#x7684;&#x884C;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed -n -e &apos;/linux/p&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu linux
hellow linux</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed  -e &apos;/linux/i\ok&apos; test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x6709;linux&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x884C; ok</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed  -e &apos;/linux/i\ok&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">ok
linux ubuntu linux
hellow world
system shutdown
ok
hellow linux
fuck you</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed -n -e  &apos;s/linux/unix/p&apos; test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x53EA;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed -n -e  &apos;s/linux/unix/p&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">unix ubuntu linux
hellow unix</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed -n -e  &apos;s/linux/unix/gp&apos; test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed -n -e  &apos;s/linux/unix/gp&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">unix ubuntu unix
hellow unix</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed -n -e  &apos;2,4p&apos; test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x4E3A; [2,4]&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed -n -e  &apos;2,4p&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">hellow world
system shutdown
hellow linux</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sed -n -e  &apos;2p;5p&apos; test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x9009;&#x5B9A;&#x884C;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sed -n -e  &apos;2p;5p&apos; test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">hellow world
fuck you</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip|style:flat]</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-n &apos;p&apos;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x7684;&#x884C;</li>
<li><code>&apos;s/ / /&apos;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x53EA;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;</li>
<li><code>&apos;s/ / /g&apos;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x5168;&#x90E8;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="37-awk"><a name="37-awk" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#37-awk"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>3.7. <code>awk</code></h2>
<h1 id="4-&#x901A;&#x7528;"><a name="4-&#x901A;&#x7528;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#4-&#x901A;&#x7528;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4. &#x901A;&#x7528;</h1>
<h2 id="41-"><a name="41-" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#41-"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4.1. <code>{}</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x80FD;&#x5C06;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5408;&#x5E76;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#xFF0C;<code>{&#xFF0C;&#xFF0C;&#xFF0C;}</code>&#x4E2D;&#x4E3A;&#x53EF;&#x53D8;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="42-sort"><a name="42-sort" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#42-sort"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4.2. <code>sort</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <strong>&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF0C;&#x5236;&#x8868;&#x7B26;</strong> &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5272;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#xFF1B;<strong>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x5BF9;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x5217;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</strong>&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#xFF0C;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x539F;&#x5219;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x9996;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x5411;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x6309;<code>ASCII</code>&#x7801;&#x503C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x5C06;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x6309;<strong>&#x5347;&#x5E8F;</strong>&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>t</code>: &#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5206;&#x9694;&#x7B26;</li>
<li><code>k</code>: &#x6309;&#x7167;&#x7B2C;&#x51E0;&#x5217;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</li>
<li><code>r</code>: &#x9006;&#x5E8F;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</li>
<li><code>n</code>: &#x6309;&#x7167;&#x6570;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x5927;&#x5230;&#x5C0F;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</li>
<li><code>h</code>: &#x6309;&#x7167;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</li>
<li><code>u</code>: &#x53BB;&#x91CD;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">linux ubuntu linux
hellow world
system shutdown
hellow linux
fuck you</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sort test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sort test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">fuck you
hellow linux
hellow world
linux ubuntu linux
system shutdown</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sort -k 2 test.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x4EE5;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x5217;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sort -k 2 test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">hellow linux
system shutdown
linux ubuntu linux
hellow world
fuck you</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold" class="section2"><code>-k</code>&#x7684;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;</span></p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-cpp">FStart<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CStart Modifie<span class="token punctuation">,</span>FEnd<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CEnd Modifier
<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">-</span>Start<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">-</span>End<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">--</span>
 FStart<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CStart &#x9009;&#x9879;  <span class="token punctuation">,</span>  FEnd<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CEnd &#x9009;&#x9879;
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<code>-rk FStart.CStart,FEnd.CEnd</code></p>
<ul>
<li><code>FStart.CStart,FEnd.CEnd</code>&#xFF1A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;&#x4ECE;&#x7B2C;<code>Fstart</code>&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;<code>Cstart</code>&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x5230;&#x7B2C;<code>FEnd</code>&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;<code>CEnd</code>&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>modifie</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5C31;&#x662F;<code>r,n</code></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
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      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat salary.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat salary.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">aa 40 2000
aa 40 1000
bc 50 3000
ca 30 5000
db 10 2000</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sort -k1.2 salary.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x4ECE;&#x300C;&#x7B2C;1&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;2&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x300D;&#x5230;&#x300C;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x5217;&#x300D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sort -k1.2 salary.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">ca 30 5000
aa 40 1000
aa 40 2000
db 10 2000
bc 50 3000</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sort -k1.2,1.2  salary.txt</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x53EA;&#x5BF9;&#x300C;&#x7B2C;1&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;2&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x300D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sort -k1.2,1.2  salary.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">aa 40 1000
aa 40 2000
ca 30 5000
db 10 2000
bc 50 3000</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">sort -k 1.2,1.2 -k 3,3nr salary</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x9996;&#x5148;&#x5BF9;&#x300C;&#x7B2C;1&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;2&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x300D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x300C;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x9879;&#x300D;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5BF9;&#x300C;&#x7B2C;3&#x5217;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#xFF08;`n`&#xFF09;&#x300D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x300C;&#x964D;&#x5E8F;&#xFF08;`r`&#xFF09;&#x300D;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`sort -k 1.2,1.2 -k 3,3nr salary`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">.txt
ca 30 5000
aa 40 2000
aa 40 1000
db 10 2000
bc 50 3000</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="43-man"><a name="43-man" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#43-man"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4.3. <code>man</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x67E5;&#x770B;Linux&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x5E2E;&#x52A9;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5206;&#x9875;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;&#xFF1A;</strong>
<code>1</code>&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5728;shell&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53EF;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6216;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1B;
<code>2</code>&#xFF1A;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x53EF;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E0E;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x7B49;
<code>3</code>&#xFF1A;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;(function)&#x4E0E;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5E93;(library)&#xFF0C;&#x5927;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;C&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5E93;(libc)
<code>4</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x5728;/dev&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;
<code>5</code>&#xFF1A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6216;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;
<code>6</code>&#xFF1A;&#x6E38;&#x620F;(games)
<code>7</code>&#xFF1A;&#x60EF;&#x4F8B;&#x4E0E;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;Linux&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#xFF0C;ASCII code&#x7B49;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;
<code>8</code>&#xFF1A;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;
<code>9</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8DDF;kernel&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">man sleep</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7684;&#x662F; sleep &#x6307;&#x4EE4;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`man sleep`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">man 3 sleep</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7684;&#x662F; sleep &#x51FD;&#x6570;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`man 3 sleep`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="44-info"><a name="44-info" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#44-info"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4.4. <code>info</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x624B;&#x518C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;<code>info</code>&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x6BD4;<code>man page</code>&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x5F97;&#x8981;&#x66F4;&#x597D;&#x3001;&#x66F4;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x66F4;&#x53CB;&#x597D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;<code>man page</code>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x786E;&#x5B9E;&#x8981;&#x66F4;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x5F97;&#x591A;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="45-vim"><a name="45-vim" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#45-vim"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>4.5. <code>vim</code></h2>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="../../image/linux/vimMode.jpg" data-lightbox="fccc6b71-6b43-425b-b6fb-5fb42abe52ce" data-title="undefined"><img src="../../image/linux/vimMode.jpg" alt="undefined"></a></p>

<ul>
<li><code>ctrl v</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5757;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;<ul>
<li><code>I</code>:&#x63D2;&#x5165;</li>
<li><code>x</code>:&#x5220;&#x9664;</li>
<li><code>c</code>:&#x6539;&#x53D8;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>vim -R &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="5-&#x538B;&#x7F29;"><a name="5-&#x538B;&#x7F29;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#5-&#x538B;&#x7F29;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>5. &#x538B;&#x7F29;</h1>
<h2 id="51-zip&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;"><a name="51-zip&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#51-zip&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>5.1. <code>zip</code>&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong>&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>zip</code></strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-r</code>: &#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;</li>
<li><code>-q quite</code>: &#x4E0D;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</li>
<li><code>-d</code>: <strong>&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>&#x89E3;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>unzip</code></strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-d</code>: &#x89E3;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x7684;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;</li>
<li><code>-v</code>: &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<sec data-title="&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;" data-id="zip" data-show="true" data-collapse="true"><div class="panel panel-default"><div class="panel-heading"><b>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;<a class="pull-right section atTitle btn btn-default" target="zip"><span class="fa fa-angle-up"></span></a></b></div><div class="panel-collapse in" id="zip"><div class="panel-body">
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tree .</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tree .`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">.
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; salary.txt
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; test
&#x2502;   &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; linux.txt
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; test.txt
&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; test2.txt</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">zip -r test.zip ./</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`zip -r test.zip ./`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">adding: salary.txt (deflated 27%)
adding: test/ (stored 0%)
adding: test/linux.txt (deflated 15%)
adding: test.txt (deflated 19%)
adding: test2.txt (deflated 8%)</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">zip -rq test.zip ./</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x5565;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x663E;&#x793A;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`zip -rq test.zip ./`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">unzip -v test.zip</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`unzip -v test.zip`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">Archive:  test.zip
 Length   Method    Size  Cmpr    Date    Time   CRC-32   Name
--------  ------  ------- ---- ---------- ----- --------  ----
      55  Defl:N       40  27% 2021-09-10 12:59 a73d2f4a  salary.txt
       0  Stored        0   0% 2021-09-09 22:26 00000000  test/
      26  Defl:N       22  15% 2021-09-09 22:26 55f37f44  test/linux.txt
      75  Defl:N       61  19% 2021-09-10 12:19 ba64a614  test.txt
      25  Defl:N       23   8% 2021-09-09 22:37 83778b60  test2.txt
--------          -------  ---                            -------
     181              146  19%                            5 files</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">unzip test.zip -d test/</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x89E3;&#x538B;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`unzip test.zip -d test/`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">Archive:  test.zip
inflating: test/salary.txt
creating: test/test/
inflating: test/test/linux.txt
inflating: test/test.txt
inflating: test/test2.txt</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
</div></div></div></sec>
<h2 id="52-tar"><a name="52-tar" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#52-tar"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>5.2. <code>tar</code></h2>
<ul>
<li>&#x901A;&#x7528;<ul>
<li><code>-f</code>: &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;<strong>&#x5207;&#x8BB0;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x63A5;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;&#x540D;</strong></li>
<li><code>-v</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</li>
<li><code>-c create</code>: &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5305;</li>
<li><code>-C</code>: &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x89E3;&#x538B;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</li>
<li><code>-t list</code>: &#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li><code>-x extract</code>: &#x89E3;&#x538B;&#x7F29;</li>
<li><code>-r</code>: &#x8FFD;&#x52A0;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>.tar</code>&#xFF1A;<strong>&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x538B;&#x7F29;</strong><ul>
<li><code>-c[v]f</code>: &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;tar&#x5305;</li>
<li><code>-t[v]f</code>: &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;</li>
<li><code>-x[v]f</code>: &#x89E3;&#x538B;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>.tar.&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;</code>:</li>
</ul>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x683C;&#x5F0F;</th>
<th>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</th>
<th>&#x540E;&#x7F00;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>gzip</td>
<td><code>-z</code></td>
<td><code>.gz</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bz2</td>
<td><code>-j</code></td>
<td><code>.bz2</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xz</td>
<td><code>-J</code></td>
<td><code>.xz</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<sec data-title="&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;" data-id="tar" data-show="true" data-collapse="true"><div class="panel panel-default"><div class="panel-heading"><b>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;<a class="pull-right section atTitle btn btn-default" target="tar"><span class="fa fa-angle-up"></span></a></b></div><div class="panel-collapse in" id="tar"><div class="panel-body">
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tree</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tree`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">.
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; salary.txt
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; test
&#x2502;   &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; linux.txt
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; test.txt
&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; test2.txt</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tar -cvf testTar.tar ./</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tar -cvf testTar.tar ./`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./
./salary.txt
./test/
./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt
tar: ./testTar.tar: file is the archive; not dumped</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tar -cvzf testTar.tar.gz ./</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tar -cvzf testTar.tar.gz ./`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./
./salary.txt
./test/
./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt
./testTar.tar.gz</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tar -tvf testTar.tar.gz</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tar -tvf testTar.tar.gz`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">drwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle 0 2021-09-10 14:16 ./
-rwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle 55 2021-09-10 12:59 ./salary.txt
drwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle  0 2021-09-09 22:26 ./test/
-rwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle 26 2021-09-09 22:26 ./test/linux.txt
-rwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle 75 2021-09-10 12:19 ./test.txt
-rwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle 25 2021-09-09 22:37 ./test2.txt
-rwxrwxrwx triangle/triangle  0 2021-09-10 14:16 ./testTar.tar.gz</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">mkdir ./testTar</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`mkdir ./testTar`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">tar -xvzf testTar.tar.gz -C ./testTar</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tar -xvzf testTar.tar.gz -C ./testTar`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">./
./salary.txt
./test/
./test/linux.txt
./test.txt
./test2.txt
./testTar.tar.gz</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
</div></div></div></sec>
<h1 id="6-&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><a name="6-&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#6-&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6. &#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</h1>
<h2 id="61-umask"><a name="61-umask" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#61-umask"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6.1. <code>umask</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6743;&#x9650;: <code>777 &amp; &#x63A9;&#x7801;</code></p>
<ul>
<li><code>-S</code>: &#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x5206;&#x914D;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="62-chmod"><a name="62-chmod" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#62-chmod"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6.2. <code>chmod</code></h2>
<ul>
<li><code>[a&#xFF0C;u&#xFF0C;g&#xFF0C;o] + [r&#xFF0C;w&#xFF0C;x]</code>: &#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x6743;&#x9650;</li>
<li><code>[a&#xFF0C;u&#xFF0C;g&#xFF0C;o] - [r&#xFF0C;w&#xFF0C;x]</code>: &#x79FB;&#x51FA;&#x6743;&#x9650;</li>
<li><code>&#x7F16;&#x53F7;</code>: &#x6279;&#x91CF;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">ll set.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`ll set.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">-rwxr-xr-x 1 triangle triangle 21 Sep 10 14:33 set.txt*</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand"></span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(``)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">chmod a-x set.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`chmod a-x set.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">ll set.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`ll set.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">-rw-r--r-- 1 triangle triangle 21 Sep 10 14:33 set.txt</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="63-chown"><a name="63-chown" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#63-chown"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6.3. <code>chown</code></h2>
<p><strong>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x62E5;&#x6709;&#x8005;</strong></p>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">chowm -R &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D; &#x8DEF;&#x5F84;</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x6279;&#x91CF;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`chowm -R &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D; &#x8DEF;&#x5F84;`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="64-chgrp"><a name="64-chgrp" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#64-chgrp"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6.4. <code>chgrp</code></h2>
<p><strong>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x7EC4;</strong></p>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">chgrp -R &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D; &#x8DEF;&#x5F84;</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x6279;&#x91CF;&#x9012;&#x5F52;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`chgrp -R &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D; &#x8DEF;&#x5F84;`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="65-&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><a name="65-&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#65-&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>6.5. &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EC4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</th>
<th>&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>adduser &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;</code></td>
<td>&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7528;&#x6237;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>addgroup</code> &#x7EC4;&#x540D;</td>
<td>&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7EC4;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>passwd &#x7528;&#x6237;</code></td>
<td>&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x3001;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>userdel -r &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;</code></td>
<td>&#x5E95;&#x5C42;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5F7B;&#x5E95;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x5E72;&#x51C0;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>deluser &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;</code></td>
<td>&#x666E;&#x901A;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7528;&#x6237;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>delgroup &#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7EC4;</code></td>
<td>&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7EC4;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="7-&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><a name="7-&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#7-&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>7. &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</h1>
<h2 id="71-top"><a name="71-top" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#71-top"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>7.1. top</h2>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="../../image/linux/top.png" data-lightbox="160dec30-f560-492e-bfd2-f31c9565baa1" data-title="undefined"><img src="../../image/linux/top.png" alt="undefined"></a></p>

<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x4E8E;Windows&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;</p>
<ul>
<li>top &#x884C;&#xFF1A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;<code>cpu</code>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;:<code>5min&#x5185; 10min&#x5185; 15min&#x5185;</code></li>
<li><code>tasks</code>&#x884C;&#xFF1A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</li>
<li><code>CPU</code>&#x884C;&#xFF1A;<code>cpu</code>&#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C; <strong>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x53EA;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>CPU</code></strong></li>
<li><code>mem</code>&#x884C;&#xFF1A;&#x5185;&#x5B58;</li>
<li><code>swap</code>&#x884C;&#xFF1A;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x533A;</li>
<li>&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5217;&#x8868;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><code>e</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;</li>
<li><code>E</code>&#xFF1A;men&#x884C;&#x3001;swap&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;</li>
<li><code>z</code>&#xFF1A;&#x989C;&#x8272;&#x533A;&#x5206;</li>
<li><code>Z</code>&#xFF1A;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x989C;&#x8272;</li>
<li><code>m</code>&#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5185;&#x5B58;</li>
<li><code>f</code>&#xFF1A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x8868;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;</li>
<li><code>W</code>&#xFF1A;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="72-ps"><a name="72-ps" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#72-ps"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>7.2. <code>ps</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<code>process status</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;<code>top</code>&#x5168;&#x9762;</p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullClose"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullMinimize"></div>
      <div class="terminullButtons terminullZoom"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">ps -au</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`ps -au`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        10  0.0  0.0   8944   228 tty1     Ss   12:58   0:00 /init
triangle    11  0.0  0.0  17156  3852 tty1     S    12:58   0:01 -bash
root       298  0.0  0.0   8944   228 tty2     Ss   13:50   0:00 /init
triangle   299  0.0  0.0  17468  4232 tty2     S    13:50   0:02 -bash
triangle   668  0.0  0.0  17392  1904 tty2     R    15:17   0:00 ps -au</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="73-&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><a name="73-&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#73-&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>7.3. &#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]</p>
<ul>
<li><code>jobs -l</code>&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x663E;&#x793A;<code>Linux</code>&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x53CA;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;</li>
<li><code>fg %&#x7F16;&#x53F7;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x4E8E;&#x5C06;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x4F5C;&#x4E1A;&#xFF08;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x6302;&#x8D77;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x4E1A;&#xFF09;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x524D;&#x53F0;&#x7EC8;&#x7AEF;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>bg %&#x7F16;&#x53F7;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5C06;&#x4F5C;&#x4E1A;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x524D;&#x53F0;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>&#x6307;&#x4EE4; &amp;</code>&#xFF1A;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x4E0E;<code>bg</code>&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
    <div class="terminullMenu">
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">find / -name &quot;fuck&quot; &amp;</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x5C06;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`find / -name &quot;fuck&quot; &amp;`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">jobs</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`jobs`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">[1]+  Stopped                 vim set.txt
[2]   Running                 find / -name &quot;fuck&quot; &amp;
triangle@LEARN_FUCK: fg %1 # &#x5C06;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8C03;&#x5230;&#x524D;&#x53F0;
triangle@LEARN_FUCK: kill %2 # &#x6740;&#x6B7B;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h1 id="8-&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;"><a name="8-&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#8-&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>8. &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</h1>
<h2 id="81-free"><a name="81-free" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#81-free"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>8.1. <code>free</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-k</code>: &#x5355;&#x4F4D;kb</li>
<li><code>-m</code>: &#x5355;&#x4F4D;mb</li>
<li><code>-g</code>: &#x5355;&#x4F4D;gb</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="82-uname"><a name="82-uname" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#82-uname"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>8.2. <code>uname</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-a</code>: &#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</li>
<li><code>-r&#xFF08;release&#xFF09;</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x884C;&#x7F16;&#x53F7;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">uname -a</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`uname -a`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">Linux DESKTOP-RDTVBUO 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft #1151-Microsoft Thu Jul 22 21:05:00 PST 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h2 id="83-lsbrelease"><a name="83-lsbrelease" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#83-lsbrelease"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>8.3. <code>lsb_release</code></h2>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">lsb_release -a</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`lsb_release -a`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
Release:        18.04
Codename:       bionic</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h1 id="9-&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;"><a name="9-&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#9-&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>9. &#x7F51;&#x7EDC;</h1>
<h2 id="91-netstat"><a name="91-netstat" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#91-netstat"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>9.1. <code>netstat</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x5229;&#x7528; netstat &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x53EF;&#x8BA9;&#x4F60;&#x5F97;&#x77E5;&#x6574;&#x4E2A; Linux &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-n numeric</code>: &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>IP</code>&#x5730;&#x5740;</li>
<li><code>-p programs</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>Socke</code>t&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BC6;&#x522B;&#x7801;&#x548C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>-t tcp</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;<code>TC</code>P&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7684;&#x8FDE;&#x7EBF;&#x72B6;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>-u udp</code>: &#x663E;&#x793A;<code>UDP</code>&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7684;&#x8FDE;&#x7EBF;&#x72B6;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>-l listening</code>&#xFF1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x300C;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;<code>Socket</code></li>
<li><code>-a all</code>&#xFF1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x8FDE;&#x7EBF;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;<code>Socket</code></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p></p><div class="terminull">
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">netstat -npl</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x90FD;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`netstat -npl`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1035/sshd
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1035/sshd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68                  0.0.0.0:*                               931/dhclient
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node PID/Program name    Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     6825   1/init              @/com/ubuntu/upstart
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8429   1003/dbus-daemon    /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">netstat -an | grep -c ESTABLISHED</span>
           
            <span class="terminullComment"># &#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x6570;</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`netstat -an | grep -c ESTABLISHED`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
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          <span class="terminullCommand"></span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(``)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput"></span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<blockquote>
<p>proto: &#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;
Local Address: &#x672C;&#x673A;&#x7684;IP&#x4E0E;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;
Foreign Address: &#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;IP&#x4E0E;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;
State: &#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x72B6;&#x6001;</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="92-ifconfig"><a name="92-ifconfig" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#92-ifconfig"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>9.2. ifconfig</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ethX</code>: &#x771F;&#x6B63;&#x7684;&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x7F51;&#x5361;</li>
<li><code>lo</code>: &#x672C;&#x5730;&#x865A;&#x62DF;&#x7F51;&#x5361;</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<sec data-title="&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;" data-id="ifconfig" data-show="true" data-collapse="true"><div class="panel panel-default"><div class="panel-heading"><b>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;<a class="pull-right section atTitle btn btn-default" target="ifconfig"><span class="fa fa-angle-up"></span></a></b></div><div class="panel-collapse in" id="ifconfig"><div class="panel-body">
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          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">ifconfig</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`ifconfig`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">eth2: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500
        inet 191.167.26.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 191.167.26.255
        inet6 fe80::590b:354c:9433:480d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0xfd&lt;compat,link,site,host&gt;
        ether 0a:00:27:00:00:0a  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73&lt;UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING&gt;  mtu 1500
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0xfe&lt;compat,link,site,host&gt;
        loop  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wifi0: flags=4163&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.0.107  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.0.255
        inet6 fe80::14c3:a7ab:45e2:63b5  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0xfd&lt;compat,link,site,host&gt;
        ether 00:bb:60:62:28:07  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
</div></div></div></sec>
<h2 id="93-ping"><a name="93-ping" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#93-ping"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>9.3. <code>ping</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]
<strong>&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7684;&#x8FDE;&#x901A;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>ping</code>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x4F1A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol)</code>&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#xFF0C;&#x53D1;&#x51FA;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x56DE;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x8FDC;&#x7AEF;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x56DE;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x800C;&#x5F97;&#x77E5;&#x8BE5;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x8FD0;&#x4F5C;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x3002;</strong></p>
</blockquote>
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    <div class="terminullScreen">
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">ping www.baidu.com</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`ping www.baidu.com`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.39) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=60.2 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=44.3 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=3 ttl=54 time=42.0 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=4 ttl=54 time=42.0 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=5 ttl=54 time=54.1 ms</span>
        
    </div>
</div><p></p>
<h1 id="10-&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;"><a name="10-&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#10-&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>10. &#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</h1>
<h2 id="101-source"><a name="101-source" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#101-source"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>10.1. <code>source</code></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>[!tip]</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x5F53;&#x524D;Shell&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#x4ECE;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x548C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</strong></li>
<li><span style="color:red;font-weight:bold"> &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x5F53;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6279;&#x91CF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C; </span></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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          <span class="terminullCommand">tree</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullOutput">.
&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; readme.txt

0 directories, 1 file</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat test.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat test.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">echo &apos;ok&apos;
mkdir ./nice
cd ./nice
touch readme.txt
echo &apos;hello ubuntu&apos; &gt; readme.txt</span>
        
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          <span class="terminullOutput">ok</span>
        
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          <span class="terminullCommand">cd ..</span>
          
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          <span class="terminullCommand">tree</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`tree`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">.
&#x251C;&#x2500;&#x2500; nice
&#x2502;   &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; readme.txt
&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500; test.txt

1 directory, 2 files</span>
        
          <span class="terminullDirectory">triangle@LEARN_FUCK:~</span>$ 
          <span class="terminullCommand">cat ./nice/readme.txt</span>
          
          <i class="fa fa-clone t-copy terminullCopyBtn" onclick="copyCommandTerminull(`cat ./nice/readme.txt`)"></i>
          <span class="terminullOutput">hello ubuntu</span>
        
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